2012年商务英语初级备考要点复习五

　　Lesson15-16 Insurance (1), (2)

　　商务术语:

　　Insured(保户), Insurer(承保人), margin(保险金), underwriter(保险商), pool(共同款项), cargo insurance(运输保险), marine insurance(海上保险), indemnity(赔偿), ruin(损失), insurable interests(可保险权), principle of utmost faith(最大诚信原则), forwarding charge(远期费用) 书籍 307,322页

　　考点:

　　1.保险的定义(definition)’

　　It can be defined as a social device in which a group of individuals transfer risk and provides for payment of losses from funds contributed by all members who transferred risk

　　2.保险的三个主要原则(Three main principles of insurance)

　　a. insurable interest

　　b. utmost good faith

　　c. indemnity

　　两个辅助原则(two sub-principle of insurance)

　　a. contribution

　　b. suborgation

　　翻译练习:

　　a. 货物保险通常有火险, 海上保险和意外事故保险

　　Cargo insurance includes fire, marine and accident insurance.

　　b. 没有可保利益的保险合同是无效的。而任何根据这类合同提出的所赔都不会受理

　　An insurance contract without an insurable interest to support it is invalid and any claim made upon it will not be entertained

　　Lesson 17 The International Monetary System and Exchange Rate

　　商务术语：

　　Change of rate(汇率)，gold standard(金本位)，reserve currency(储备货币)， clean float(自由浮动)，dirty float(有干预浮动)，discount(贴现)，medial rate(中间价)

　　考点：

　　1汇率(exchange rate)

　　A.fixed exchange rate

　　B. flexible exchange rate

　　C. major factors influencing exchange rate： a international balance of payment

　　b.inflation

　　c.interest rate

　　D. Common measures for intervention in exchange rate

　　a. buying or selling foreign currency

　　b. raising or lowering discount rate

　　c. foreign exchange control

　　翻译练习:

　　尽管国际收支账面平衡,但在有错误与遗漏项目时,差额是非常庞大的,每一项都会有盈余或赤字,如果在3年或5年期间盈余抵消了亏损.则仍然认为国际收支是平衡的。

　　While the balance of payment is always in accounting balance，the odds are astronomical that it would be so without the statistical discrepancy item. There would be a surplus or a deficit in almost every case, but the balance of payment would nevertheless be considered in equilibrium if over three-to-five year period the surpluses more or less canceled out the deficits.

　　从18-20课,商务术语请参照书籍上每课后面的商务词汇复习,记一些常见的

　　Lesson 18 International Financial Organization

　　重点:

　　1.The world bank group(世界银行集团)

　　a.组成: IBRD, IDA, IFC, IMF.MIGA

　　b.目标: to help raise standards of living in developing countries by channeling financial resources to them from developed countries

　　2.IBRD(国际复兴开发银行)

　　a. source of capital: member countries

　　b.financing of its lending operation: from the world capital markets

　　c.target countries: developing countries at more advanced level

　　d,basic rules governing its operation: for productive purpose/ repayment

　　3. IDA(国家开发协会): targets: the poorer developing countries,

　　basic rules governing its operation: no interests

　　4. IFC(国际金融公司):

　　Function: to assist the economic development of less-developed countries

　　5. MIGA(多边投资担保机构):

　　Mandate：to encourage equity investment and other direct investment flows to developing countries

　　6.IMF(国际货币基金组织)

　　a.the importance of the quota

　　b.function：providing temporary financing for countries suffering cyclical，seasoned or random shocks that would weaken its currency.

　　翻译练习:

　　不同于世界银行,国际开发协会无法从竞争的资本市场上筹集资金,取而代之的是它靠发达国家和一些欠发达国家捐赠的资金。

　　Unlike the world bank, the IDA cannot raise capital in competitive capital markets and depends instead on subscription donated by the developed countries and some undeveloped countries.

　　Lesson19-22(刚上课不久, 简概)

　　1.对外直接投资的主要因素 major factors for undertaking FDI

　　2.对外直接投资的形式 forms of FDI

　　3. 政券交易所的作用 the role of stock exchange

　　国内普通股市包括的三个市场 Three areas for the Domestic Equity Market

　　4. WTO与 GATT 的区别

　　5, WTO与China( achievements and challenges)

　　6贸发会的目标 objectives of UNCTAD

　　7贸发会的组织 organization of UNCTAD